Blar i Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) Digital Archive på tidsskrift "Cold Regions Science and Technology"
Viser treff 1-20 av 26
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Accoustic snow drift measurements: Experiences from the FlowCapt instrument
(Journal article, 2001)Three acoustic FlowCapt™ (IAV Engineering) drifting snow instruments were deployed during the 1999 and 2000 field season on Spitsbergen, Norway. Three different experiments were carried out to test the instruments for their ... -
Analysis of avalanche measurements out of the runout area of NGI's full-scale test-site Ryggfonn
(Journal article, 2009)The paper summarizes measurements and observations of dry-snow avalanches at the Ryggfonn test-site with respect to their behavior in the runout area. Measurements of front velocities and retarding accelerations are presented ... -
The avalanche accident at Vassdalen, Norway, 5th March 1986
(Journal article, 1988)Shortly after 1300 hrs on wednesday March 5, 1986, a snow avalanche released from Storebalak, a mountain located at Vassdalen in Nordland county. The avalanche struck 31 men from the North Norway Brigade while they were ... -
Basal shear and normal stresses of dry and wet snow avalanches after a slope deviation
(Journal article, 2007)Basal shear and normal force measurements of dry and wet snow avalanches and slush flows from the Weissfluhjoch snow chute are presented. This chute contains two slope angle transitions in order to measure the effect of ... -
Can big data and random forests improve avalanche runout estimation compared to simple linear regression?
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2023)Accurate prediction of snow avalanche runout-distances in a deterministic sense remains a challenge due to the complexity of all the physical properties involved. Therefore, in many locations including Norway, it has been ... -
Can we learn more from the data underlying the statistical a-ß model with respect to the dynamical behavior of avalanches?
(Journal article, 2010)Hazard and risk assessment in avalanche-prone areas involves estimation of runout distances of potential avalanches. Methods for determination of the runout may be divided into two categories: 1) methods based on statistical ... -
Chute experiments on slushflow dynamics.
(Journal article, 2008)Slushflows are gravity driven mass flows consisting of a mixture of snow and water, which exhibit considerable damage potential for endangered areas. An increase in global temperature and winter rain precipitation could ... -
Climate database for avalanche consulting and warning in Norway
(Journal article, 2007)Climate data is an essential tool for the study of weather induced geophysical processes like avalanches. Climate data provides on overview of normal and extreme weather conditions at a given location. This information can ... -
Comparison of avalanche front velocity measurements and implications for avalanche models
(Journal article, 2013)Besides the runout distance of an avalanche information on avalanche intensity along the path is often required for hazard zoning or planning of mitigation measures. The avalanche (front) velocity is a common intensity ... -
Comparison of avalanche front velocity measurements: Supplementary energy considerations
(Journal article, 2013)A series of front velocity measurements were re-analyzed to derive estimates on the mean retarding acceleration of dry-mixed avalanches (i.e. dry-snow avalanches, which were partially fluidized and accompanied by a powder ... -
Considerations on scaling behavior in avalanche flow along cycloidal and parabolic tracks
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018)A simple scaling analysis using a simple mass block model supports observations and measurements on snow avalanches, that the maximum front-velocity of “major” avalanches scales with the total drop height of the track. ... -
Considerations on scaling behavior in avalanche flow: Implementation in a simple mass block model
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)Observations of runout distances combined with velocity measurements suggest that “major” dry-mixed avalanches show a scale invariance to the total drop height HSC. This is in accordance to the proposed upper-limit envelope ... -
Evaluation of probabilistic snow avalanche simulation ensembles with Doppler radar observations
(Journal article, 2013)In recent years snow avalanche simulation software, which is based on depth-averaged models operating in three-dimensional terrain, has gained importance. Simulations are used to plan protection measures. The software ... -
Maximum frontal speeds, alpha angles and deposit volumes of flowing snow avalanches
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018)Approximate maximum frontal speeds from 89 snow avalanches were analyzed to yield probabilistic estimates of maximum speed scaled with path length parameters. In addition to speeds, 88 companion values of runout for the ... -
On full-scale avalanche measurements at the Ryggfonn test site, Norway.
(Journal article, 2007)Avalanche measurements carried out at the Ryggfonn test site, Norway, during several winter seasons are analyzed with emphasis on recognizing different flow regimes and estimating flow densities. Measurements include impact ... -
On pulsed Doppler radar measurements of avalanches and their implication to avalanche dynamics.
(Journal article, 2007)Pulsed Doppler radar measurements from several avalanche releases are analyzed to gain an in-depth understanding of avalanche dynamics. A pulsed Doppler radar emits short pulses and samples the echo in distinct time ... -
Optimization and probabilistic calibration of avalanche block models
(Journal article, 2009)The Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) has been performing full-scale avalanche tests at Ryggfonn in western Norway for more than 30 years. During those years, measurements from about three dozen dry-snow avalanches ... -
Particle simulation of snow avalanche motion
(Journal article, 1984)The continuum model of a snow avalanche is abandoned, and instead an avalanche is modeled as a collection of particles that move randomly and independently subject to gravity and resistive forces which have a random ... -
Remote sensing of snow avalanches: Recent advances, potential, and limitations
(Journal article, 2015)Snow avalanches are the main natural hazard in snow covered mountainous areas worldwide, frequently threatening lives and infrastructure. Avalanche research is inherently risk research, working towards avalanche risk ... -
Review of spatial variability of snowpack properties and its importance for avalanche formation.
(Journal article, 2008)The seasonal snow cover is spatially variable. Spatial variability of layer properties is due to various external and internal process drivers interacting with terrain and ground cover during and after the deposition ...