Blar i NGI articles på forfatter "Gauer, Peter"
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Analysis of avalanche measurements out of the runout area of NGI's full-scale test-site Ryggfonn
Gauer, Peter; Lied, Karstein; Kristensen, Krister (Journal article, 2009)The paper summarizes measurements and observations of dry-snow avalanches at the Ryggfonn test-site with respect to their behavior in the runout area. Measurements of front velocities and retarding accelerations are presented ... -
Avalanche observations at the Ryggfonn test site, Norway, with correlation to snow and weather conditions
Gauer, Peter; Kristensen, Krister (The International Snow Science Workshop (ISSW) Proceedings;, Chapter, 2014)The Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) has been running full-scale avalanche experiments at the Ryggfonn test-site in western Norway for close to 40 years. Data from this period involve observations from about 32 ... -
Avalanche probability: Slab release and the effect of forest cover
Gauer, Peter (Lecture, 2018)One of the main challenges in regard to hazard mapping is to estimate avalanche probabilities and avalanche size for a given path. One reason for this is the lack of sufficient data. By definition, avalanches of interest ... -
Can we learn more from the data underlying the statistical a-ß model with respect to the dynamical behavior of avalanches?
Gauer, Peter; Kronholm, Kalle; Lied, Karstein; Kristensen, Krister; Bakkehøi, Steinar (Journal article, 2010)Hazard and risk assessment in avalanche-prone areas involves estimation of runout distances of potential avalanches. Methods for determination of the runout may be divided into two categories: 1) methods based on statistical ... -
Chute experiments on slushflow dynamics.
Jaedicke, Christian; Kern, M.A.; Gauer, Peter; Baillifard, M.-A.; Platzer, K. (Journal article, 2008)Slushflows are gravity driven mass flows consisting of a mixture of snow and water, which exhibit considerable damage potential for endangered areas. An increase in global temperature and winter rain precipitation could ... -
Comparison of avalanche front velocity measurements and implications for avalanche models
Gauer, Peter (Journal article, 2013)Besides the runout distance of an avalanche information on avalanche intensity along the path is often required for hazard zoning or planning of mitigation measures. The avalanche (front) velocity is a common intensity ... -
Comparison of avalanche front velocity measurements: Supplementary energy considerations
Gauer, Peter (Journal article, 2013)A series of front velocity measurements were re-analyzed to derive estimates on the mean retarding acceleration of dry-mixed avalanches (i.e. dry-snow avalanches, which were partially fluidized and accompanied by a powder ... -
Considerations on scaling behavior in avalanche flow along cycloidal and parabolic tracks
Gauer, Peter (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018)A simple scaling analysis using a simple mass block model supports observations and measurements on snow avalanches, that the maximum front-velocity of “major” avalanches scales with the total drop height of the track. ... -
Considerations on scaling behavior in avalanche flow: Implementation in a simple mass block model
Gauer, Peter (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020)Observations of runout distances combined with velocity measurements suggest that “major” dry-mixed avalanches show a scale invariance to the total drop height HSC. This is in accordance to the proposed upper-limit envelope ... -
Cross-comparison of Selected Avalanche Observations
Gauer, Peter (Chapter, 2019)In many mountainous regions, snow avalanches are severe threats to the population and their infrastructure. Delineation of avalanche endangered areas or the design of suffcient mitigation measures require in-depth understanding ... -
The design of avalanche protection dams : Recent practical and theoretical developments
Barbolini, Massimiliano; Domaas, Ulrik; Faug, Thierry; Gauer, Peter; Hákonardóttir, Kristín Martha; Harbitz, Carl Bonnevie; Issler, Dieter; Jóhannesson, Tómas; Lied, Karstein; Naaim, Mohamed; Naaim-Bouvet, Florence (EUR;23339, Research report, 2009)This book discusses the design of dams and other protective measures in the run-out zones of wet- and dry-snow avalanches. It summarises recent theoretical developments and the results of field and laboratory studies, ... -
The design of avalanche protection dams. Recent practical and theoretical developments
Johannesson, Tomas; Gauer, Peter; Lied, Karstein; Barbolini, Massimiliano; Domaas, Ulrik; Faug, Thierry; Hakonardottir, Kristin Martha; Harbitz, Carl Bonnevie; Issler, Dieter; Naaim, Florence; Naaim, Mohamed; Rammer, Lambert (Lecture, 2008)Recent experimental and theoretical studies of the flow of avalanches against obstructions have been used, in combination with traditional design guidelines, to formulate recommendations for the design of dams and other ... -
Determinación de la velocidad de avalanchas de nieve mediante datos sísmicos
Vilajosana, I.; Suriñach, E.; Khazaradze, G.; Gauer, Peter (Chapter, 2006)Seismic instrumentation has proved to be a reliable tool for snow avalanche detection. In this approach, besides the detection skills of our system we pretend to go one step further. We aim to infer a physical parameter ... -
Emerging insights into the dynamics of submarine debris flows
Elverhøi, Anders; Issler, Dieter; De Blasio, Fabio V.; Ilstad, Trygve; Harbitz, Carl Bonnevie; Gauer, Peter (Journal article, 2005)Recent experimental and theoretical work on the dynamics of submarine debris flows is summarized. Hydroplaning was first discovered in laboratory flows and later shown to likely occur in natural debris flows as well. It ... -
Estimates on the reach of the powder part of avalanches
Gauer, Peter (Lecture, 2018)Avalanche observations from Norway, Austria and Switzerland, which distinguish between dense (fluidized) flow and powder part, are analyzed to obtain probability information about the reach of the powder part. The analysis ... -
Evaluation of probabilistic snow avalanche simulation ensembles with Doppler radar observations
Fischer, Jan-Thomas; Fromm, Reinhard; Gauer, Peter; Sovilla, Betty (Journal article, 2013)In recent years snow avalanche simulation software, which is based on depth-averaged models operating in three-dimensional terrain, has gained importance. Simulations are used to plan protection measures. The software ... -
Exploring the significance of the fluidized flow regime for avalanche hazard mapping.
Issler, Dieter; Gauer, Peter (Journal article, 2008)Observational and experimental evidence suggests that it is important to explicitly account for the fluidized flow regime in avalanche hazard mapping due to its high mobility, intermediate density and high velocity. We ... -
Four decades of observations from NGI’s full-scale avalanche test site Ryggfonn—Summary of experimental results
Gauer, Peter; Kristensen, Krister (Journal article, 2016) -
Inferences on Mixed Snow Avalanches from Field Observations
Issler, Dieter; Gauer, Peter; Schaer, Mark; Keller, Stefan (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019)Observations of the deposits, flow marks, and damages of three mixed-snow avalanches of widely different size were analyzed with regard to flow regimes, velocities, pressures, densities, flow depths, erosion modes, and ... -
The influence of drifting snow on the location of glaciers on western Spitsbergen, Svalbard
Jaedicke, Christian; Gauer, Peter (Journal article, 2005)On western Spitsbergen, Svalbard, the amount of winter precipitation is insufficient to maintain the present-day mass balance of the local glaciers. Additional snow mass must be added to the precipitation to reach the ...