• Reliability of sampling designs for spatial snow surveys 

      Kronholm, Kalle; Birkeland, Karl W. (Journal article, 2007)
      Spatial patterns are an inherent property of most naturally occurring materials at a large range of scales. To describe spatial patterns in the field, several observations are made according to a certain sampling design. ...
    • Review of spatial variability of snowpack properties and its importance for avalanche formation. 

      Schweizer, Jürg; Kronholm, Kalle; Jamieson, J.Bruce; Birkeland, Karl W. (Journal article, 2008)
      The seasonal snow cover is spatially variable. Spatial variability of layer properties is due to various external and internal process drivers interacting with terrain and ground cover during and after the deposition ...