Blar i Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) Digital Archive på emneord "History"

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    • 3D modelisation of snow slabs stability. 

      Schillinger, Lauren; Daudon, Dominique; Flavigny, Etienne (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      Snow slabs stability is a real problem to study in a mecanical point of view. A non exhaustive review of the different factors used to evaluate this stability or instability is done. All of them have been done in two ...

    • Acoustic sensor to measure snowdrift and wind velocity for avalanche forecasting 

      Bolognesi, R.; Chritin, V.; Gubler, H. (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      A new mathematical model of slushflow dynamics is developed. A slushflow is treated as a two-layer flow. The lower layer consists of pure liquid phase (water) and the upper layer is a floating water saturated snow (slush). ...

    • The avalanche at Flateyri, Iceland October 26th 1995 and the avalanche history 

      Haraldsdóttir, Svanbjörg Helga (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      An avalanche struck the village Flateyri on 26.10.1995 killing 20 people. There was also an enormous property damage. The avalanche went further than previously known for avalanches from Skollahvilft. The weather conditions ...

    • Avalanche caused catastrophes on the mountainous rivers 

      Soldatov, A. I. (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      Alongside with the danger of snow avalanching for the objects and population, the subsequent phenomena caused by the avalanching are not less serious. One of such reasons can be the choked lakes and outflash floods on the ...

    • Avalanche forecasting for transportation corridor and backcountry in Glacier National Park (BC, Canada) 

      Schweizer, Jürg; Jamieson, J. Bruce (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      The Avalanche Control Section at Rogers Pass is responsible for avalanche safety on the Trans Canada Highway and Canadian Pacific Railroad within Glacier National Park and for the daily issue of an avalanche warning bulletin ...

    • Avalanche hazard mapping using numerical Voellmy-Fluid models 

      Gruber, Urs; Bartelt, Perry (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      One- and two-dimensional numerical dense-snow avalanche dynamics models using a Voellmy-fluid constitutive flow law have been developed in Switzerland recently. In order to apply these models in practice, they have been ...

    • The avalanche monitoring system av mount Pizzac 

      Sommavilla, Francesco; Sovilla, Betty (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      The monitoring system of Mount Pizzac has been created in order to study the avalanche dynamics and the effect of its impact on the structures. In its extreme dimensions the monitored avalanche gets off at 2200 meters and ...

    • The avalanche of la Tartera de la Pica (Andorra) 

      Furdada, Gloria; Vilaplana, Manuel Joan; Tomàs, Enric; Mas, David (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      The great extension of the avalanche path of "la tartera de la Pica" was identified during a systematic avalanche cartography in Andorra (Pyrenees). There are witnesses who, around 1930, saw the avalanche going down around ...

    • The avalanche situation in Neskaupstadur, Iceland : A preliminary defensive plan 

      Tomasson, Gunnar G.; Sigurdsson, Flosi; Rapin, François (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      The avalanche situation in the town of Neskaupstaôur is rather unique and in many respects more difficult than in any other place in Iceland. The avalanche risk is high in a large portion of the 2,7 km long residential ...

    • Changes of the avalanche cadastre in the Czech part of the Giant Mts. 

      Spusta, Valerian ,; Kocianova, Milena (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      Giant Mts. are the highest and the only mountain range of the Czech Republic which features considerable avalanche activity. There are at average 22 avalanches events on 47 avalanche paths in a year. Human colonisation and ...

    • Dense avalanche numerical modeling interaction between avalanche and structures 

      Naaim, Mohamed (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      Applications of the Saint Venant equations were extended to rapid gravity flows of geophysical fluid with a non-newtonian behavior such as snow avalanches. This paper presents a numerical and physical approach for snow ...

    • Dynamics of two-layer slushflows 

      Bozhinskiy, A.N.; Nazarov, A.N. (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      A new mathematical model of slushflow dynamics is developed. A slushflow is treated as a two-layer flow. The lower layer consists of pure liquid phase (water) and the upper layer is a floating water saturated snow (slush). ...

    • Finite element modeling of snow-pack lying on a slope, considering snow as isotropic compressible viscoplastic media 

      Mishra, Aloke; Mahajan, Puneet (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      A simple extension of the von Mises plasticity is proposed in which the equivalent stress is defined as a function of deviatoric and hydrostatic stresses. Non-linearity is accounted by extending NortonHoff equation for ...

    • Forecast of avalanche danger for the intracontinental regions of Northeast of Eurasia 

      Seliverstov, Yuri G.; Glazovskaya, Tatiana G. (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      The research area includes the Kolyma riverhead with tributaries. For this territory the extreme continental climate with very frost winters is common. The duration of snow cover is 200-230 days. The domination of low ...

    • The general structure analysis of avalanche (mudflow) risk assessment 

      Andreev, Yuri B. (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      The basic structure of risk assessment is studied. The general form of the assessment formula consists of three components - temporal, spatial and anthropogenic ones. The role and contribution of these components are ...

    • Geomorphologic and geobotanical features of slushflows (Khibiny mountains instance) 

      Seliverstov, Yuri G.; Glazovskaya, Tatiana G. (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      The research area includes the Kolyma riverhead with tributaries. For this territory the extreme continental climate with very frost winters is common. The duration of snow cover is 200-230 days. The domination of low ...

    • Icelandic avalanche run out models compared with topographical models used in other countries 

      Jóhannesson, Tómas (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      A statistical topographical model for the computation of runout for snow avalanches in Iceland has been derived from a recently assembled data sel of long Icelandic snow avalanches. The avalanches are from hills above towns ...

    • Long-term forecasting of changes of snowiness and avalanche activity in the world due to global warming 

      Glazovskaya, T.G.; Seliverstov, Yu. G. (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      The technique of definition of depth of the snow cover, number of days with the snow cover, number of days with intensive snowfalls, duration of avalanche prone period by the standard meteorological data (precipitation and ...

    • The meteorological condition for larger avalanches at Senjojiki Bowl in Japanese Central Alps 

      Nitta, Ryuzo; Harada, Yusuke (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      The Senjojiki Bowl has a typical avalanche terrain consisting of8 avalanche tracks. During the last 25 years 16 alpinists and ropeway workers in total have been killed by avalanches. Since no reliable avalanche warning is ...

    • Models for powder snow avalanches : comparison of two approaches 

      Eglit, Margarita E.; Revol, Philippe (NGI Publication;203, Chapter, 1998)
      Two models are considered in this paper: one was proposed in Kulikovskiy and Sveshnikova (1977) and is referred here as KS-model, the second was described in Beghin and Brugnot (1983), and is referred here as BB-mode!. ...