• Particle simulation of snow avalanche motion 

      Perla, R.; Lied, Karstein; Kristensen, Krister (Journal article, 1984)
      The continuum model of a snow avalanche is abandoned, and instead an avalanche is modeled as a collection of particles that move randomly and independently subject to gravity and resistive forces which have a random ...
    • Statistical and geometrical definition of snow avalanche runout 

      Martinelli, M. Jr.; McClung, D.M.; Lied, Karstein (Journal article, 1987)
      Two mathematical models for calculating the extreme avalanche runout from a fixed reference point on the path are presented and contrasted. The models are: (1) estimates of confidence limits on regression analyses of ...